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Sources of such hazards include gases, vapors, dust, fibers, and flyings, which are combustible or flammable. In the US, the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) defines standards for enclosure types for a variety of applications. Class I, Zone 0 = Area Classification, AEx = Symbol for equipment built to American specifications, ia = Type of protection designations, IIC = Gas classification group (as required), T6 = Temperature Classification, [46 FR 4056, Jan. 16, 1981; 46 FR 40185, Aug. 7, 1981; 72 FR 7210, Feb. 14, 2007], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. 1: For examples of area classification drawings, see ANSI/API RP 505-2018, Informational Note No. November 2020 - 1 2 (Class 1, . [4], Flammability of combustible liquids are defined by their flash-point. These areas are in North America (United States and Canada) historically classified with the Class/Division system. In effect it is any method which can be shown to have the required degree of safety in use. This article is not a substitute for review of current applicable government regulations, industry standards, or other standards specific to your business and/or activities and should not be construed as legal advice or opinion. Increased safety "e" -- This protection technique is permitted for equipment in the Class I, Zone 1 locations for which it is approved. Under the "Zone" system, hazards are defined for gas as Zone 0, 1 or 2, with 0 as the highest hazard, and for dust as Zone 20, 21 or 22, with 20 as the . April 2022 NFPA 70 NEC Articles 500 through 503 cover the requirements for electrical/electronic equipment and wiring for all voltages in Class I, Divisions 1 and 2; Class II, Divisions 1 and 2; and Class III, Divisions 1 and 2 locations. Area's are divided into zones. Zone 0 is an area in which an explosive atmosphere is present continuously for long periods of time or will frequently occur. Container Test Zone 0 - Explosive atmospheres present continuously long periods or frequently. Hazards in this group gas can be ignited very easily indeed. The a subdivisions have the most stringent safety requirements, taking into account more than one independent component faults simultaneously. of Zone 1 . 2: This classification usually includes, (B) Special Occupancies, Zone 0, 1, and 2 Locations, Article 505 Special Occupancies, Zone 0, 1, and 2 Locations, (B) Special Occupancies, Class I, Zone 0, 1, and 2 Locations, National Electrical Code 2020 of Illinois, National Electrical Code 2017 of Illinois, Ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are present continuously, Ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are present for long periods of time, In which ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are likely to exist under normal operating conditions; or, In which ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors may exist frequently because of repair or maintenance operations or because of leakage; or, In which ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are not likely to occur in normal operation and, if they do occur, will exist only for a short period; or, In which volatile flammable liquids, flammable gases, or flammable vapors are handled, processed, or used but in which the liquids, gases, or vapors normally are confined within closed containers of closed systems from which they can escape, only as a result of accidental rupture or breakdown of the containers or system, or as a result of the abnormal operation of the, In which ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors normally are prevented by positive mechanical ventilation but which may become hazardous as a result of failure or abnormal operation of the ventilation. Hazardous areas are classified into 3 zones based upon the frequency of the occurrence and duration of an explosive gas atmosphere, as follows: Zone 0 Area in which an explosive gas atmosphere is present continuously or for long periods or frequently. The term equipment is applied both for fixed equipment and mobile equipment that are operated in such area. Flour, wood/sawdust, plastic dust), IIC Conductive dusts (eg. Category 2 equipment may be used in zone 1 or zone 2 areas. An oversimplification of this example is shown in Table 1. So for an explosion there must be enough fuel. FREEZER This concentration is substance specific and lies normally somewhere between the LEL and UEL. As a result, all hazardous area equipment must be designed with hazardous area zone classifications in mind, as the zone governs the level of protection and precaution required. Laboratory Container NEW METHODS FOR HAZARDOUS AREA CLASSIFICATION FOR EXPLOSIVE GAS . 29 CFR 1910.399 Definitions Applicable to Subpart S coal and charcoal), Group G Nonconductive dusts (eg. In recent years also the EPL is specified for several kinds of protection. Equipment marked as suitable for IIB is also suitable for IIA but NOT for IIC. Note to paragraph (g)(5)(ii)(B) of this section: An example of such a required marking is "Class I, Zone 0, AEx ia IIC T6." Workshop Container, Intelligent pressurised container | MUD logging cabin, Battery energy storage system (BESS) container, Laboratory container | workshop container | Equipment containers, Temporary refuge shelter | Toxic gas refuge | Safe haven, Offshore accommodation cabin | office container, Reefer container | Refrigerated container, Intelligent waste water treatment container, IDENTIFYING ZONE 0, ZONE 1, AND ZONE 2 HAZARDOUS AREAS, Temporary refuge (TR) shelter, toxic gas refuge (TGR), Containerised waste water treatment plant. These would be then labeled with each of the individual methods. This value of this LOC differs per substance and depends also on the inert gas for achieving a low oxygen concentration. So a zone 0 is the most hazardous zone and a zone 2 is a less hazardous zone. International Electrotechnical Committee (IEC) Hazardous Area Classification. No long-term contract. The International Electrotechnical Commission publishes the 60079 series of standards[2] which defines a system for classification of locations, as well as categorizing and testing of equipment designed for use in hazardous locations, known as "Ex equipment". And there are three corresponding zones for dust: Zone 20, Zone 21 and Zone 22. The lower explosion limit of a substance is the lowest concentration (in volume percentages for gases and liquids) of a gas or a vapor in air of producing a flash of fire in the presence of an ignition source. Standards and regulations exist to identify such locations, classify the hazards, and design equipment for safe use in such locations. BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMBESS) In other cases, the atmosphere is normally non-hazardous, but a dangerous concentration can be reasonably foreseensuch as operator error or equipment failure. Fundamentally, for an explosion to take place, flammable or explosive gases, vapours, mists or dusts will be present. This article covers the requirements for the, Informational Note No. 1: As a guide in determining when flammable gases or vapors are present continuously or for long periods of time, refer to ANSI/API RP 505-2018, Informational Note No. lk) are places where fire or explosion hazards may exist. ethanol, methane or hydrogen. Equipment should be tested to ensure that it does not exceed 80%[according to whom?] This level of risk is represented by classifying the hazardous area as Zone 0, Zone 1 or Zone 2 (for gas, vapour and mist atmospheres) or Zone 21 or Zone 22 for dust atmospheres. February 2019 A high level of protection is ensured. Read more in our blogWhich Standards to use for Hazardous Area Classification. TLS OFFSHORE CONTAINER Readers with specific questions should refer to the applicable standards or consult with an attorney. the inside of tank truck or the interior of a dust filter). We will go deeper into ignition assessments in another blog. Horizontal. Hazardous Area Classifications D103222X012 Product Bulletin 9.2:001 September 2019. This process is called hazardous area classification. 2) MIC (Minimum Igniting Current) Ratio - The ratio of the minimum current required from an inductive spark discharge to ignite the most easily ignitable mixture of a gas or vapor, divided by the minimum current required from an inductive spark discharge to ignite methane under the same test conditions. * Zone 2 a . 1: Normal operation is considered the situation when plant, Informational Note No. 5: For further information on ventilation, see NFPA 30-2018, Informational Note No. Many items of EEx rated equipment will employ more than one method of protection in different components of the apparatus. The basis for the classification into zones is the duration of the presence of the potentially explosive atmosphere: The longer it is present, the more critical the zone. 15 4. The above groups are formed in order of how explosive the material would be if it was ignited, with IIC being the most explosive zone system gas group and IIA being the least. Zones 1 or 2. Classification of locations, testing and listing of equipment, and inspection of installation, is typically overseen by governmental bodies. Explosion-proofing designs equipment to contain ignition hazards, prevent entry of hazardous substances, and, contain any fire or explosion that could occur. The Zone system is based on Article 505/506 of the National Electrical Code (NEC) and follows the international method of area classification as developed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Zone 2 hazardous areas are typically storage areas but can also be process areas. September 2020 The simplest is to minimize the amount of electrical equipment installed in a hazardous location, either by keeping the equipment out of the area altogether, or by making the area less hazardous (for example, by process changes, or ventilation with clean air). Definition of hazardous area zones (AS/NZS 60079.10): Zone 0 This is exactly defined as the limiting concentration of oxygen below which combustion is not possible, independent of the concentration of fuel. Group C materials have a MESG less than 0.75mm and a MIC ratio less than 0.80 (but greater than 0.40, which would put it in Group B.) Click on the zone to learn more about the classification according to IEC 60079-10 standards. SPARTANs Zone 1 part code begins SPX, Zone 2 SPZ and industrial products having a SPI prefix. Zone 0: flammable atmosphere highly likely to be present - may be present for long periods or even continuously . Which Standards to use for Hazardous Area Classification. Temporary Refuge Hazardous classified locations are areas where the possibility of fire or explosion hazards may exist under normal or abnormal conditions because of the presence of flammable, combustible or ignitable gases, vapors, liquids, dust, or fibers/flyings. In Europe the ATEX 114 Directive (2014/34/EU) is applicable to equipment that is used in hazardous area's. Hazardous Environment Classifications: NEC vs IEC, IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), Group E Metal dusts (eg. Zones 0, 1 and 2: Atmospheres with explosive gases and vapours (AS2380; AS/NZS/IEC 60079) Zone 0 Area The definition according to IEC60079-10-1 is "an area in which an explosive gas atmosphere is present continuously or for long periods or frequently". IEC 60079-10.1 Classification of areas - Explosive gas atmospheres. These areas are classified solely for the purpose of ensuring the safe and proper specification and installation of electrical/electronic equipment. For example the EI 15 and API 500/505 describe specific installations and several conditions for the oil and gas industry. Zone 22 Zone 21 Zone20 A hazardous atmosphere formed by dust cloud in air is not likely to occur in . The CE mark is complemented with the Ex mark: A yellow-filled hexagon with the Greek letters (epsilon chi), followed by the Group, Category, and, if Group II, G or D (gas or dust). Class 1/Div 2 ATEX Zone 2 Computers. Several protection strategies exist. 3: For further information on the classification of, Informational Note No. Temperature classification, except for intrinsically safe apparatus. NFPA 70 NEC establishes area classifications based on Classes, Divisions and Groups that when combined delineate the hazardous conditions of a specific area. Zone 0, 1, and 2 locations are those in which flammable gases or vapors are or may be present in the air in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitible mixtures. LIFTING TEST June 2022 Youre phone isnt rated for use in hazardous areas. January 2021 NEC Div 1 Zone 1 Div 2 Zone 2Flammable during normal operation Most Safer Zone IEC Zone 0 DESRIPTIONHighly Flammable for long period DEFINITIONFlammable atmosphere present continuously (Typically 1000 hours / year). To make this even easier to understand, take a look at the diagram of a typical petrol station below where we have identified the areas that are classified as Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2. Specific types of protection being used will also be marked. An old British standard used letters to designate zones. Division II Comprising of Area Same as Zone 2. The classification process requires the participation of operations, maintenance, safety, electrical and instrumentation professionals; and the use of process diagrams, material flows, safety data sheets, and other pertinent documents. For liquids, gases and vapours: Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2. Classification of areas and selection of equipment and wiring methods shall be under the supervision of a qualified registered professional engineer. Atmosphere containing flammable gas, flammable liquid produced vapor, or combustible liquid produced vapor mixed with air that may burn or explode, having either a MESG value greater than 0.75 mm or a MIC ratio greater than 0.80 - such as gasoline, acetone, ammonia, benzene, butane, ethanol, hexane, methanol, methane, vinyl chloride, natural gas, naphtha, propane or gases of equivalent hazard. Controls can be fitted to detect dangerous concentrations of hazardous gas, or failure of countermeasures. March 2022 Zone 0/20: An area in which an explosive atmosphere is present continuously or for long periods or frequently. A more quantitative method is described in IEC 60079-10-1 but also more sophisticated numeric mathematical models can be used like Computational Fluid Dynamics. Container Standards The most standards and codes of practise for Hazardous Area Classification describe typical installations and work environments and their hazardous areas. Intrinsic safety designs equipment to operate using minimal energy, insufficient to cause ignition. 2: Where gas detection, Informational Note No. WATER TIGHTNESS Hazardous area classification. Sources The IEC standard EN 60079-33 is made public and is expected to become effective soon, so that the normal Ex certification will also be possible for Ex-s, Zone depending upon manufacturer's certification, explosive atmosphere between 10 and 1000 hrs/yr, explosive atmosphere between 1 and 10 hrs/yr, explosive surface between 10 and 1000 hrs/yr, explosive surface between 1 and 10 hrs/yr, Certified and labeled for use in indoor locations rated NEC Class I, Groups A, B, C, and D, Certified and labeled for use in locations rated NEC Class I, Groups A, B, C, and D; both indoors and outdoors, Certified and labeled for use in locations rated NEC Class II, Groups E, F, or G, Explosion protected, Group 2, Category 1, Gas, Type ia, Group 2C gases, Temperature class 4, Type n, non-sparking, Group 2 gases, Temperature class 3, special conditions apply. Groups E, F, and G are for dusts and flyings (Class II or III). Copryright 2023 Springer Controls Company . National Electric Code 2020 edition National Fire Protection Association. For equipment provided with threaded entries for NPT threaded conduit or fittings, listed conduit, conduit fittings, or cable fittings shall be used. HAZARDOUS VS. 1910.307 - Hazardous (classified) locations. Category 1 equipment may be used in zone 0, zone 1 or zone 2 areas. So the following conditions must be met for an explosion to occur: Represented by the following explosion triangle. Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors which are present continuously or for long periods of time. FEA Locations shall be classified depending on the properties of the flammable vapors, liquids, or gases that may be present and the likelihood that a flammable or combustible concentration or quantity is present. Dn 1 - a Ce e . The Regulations define 3 zones that can exist within a hazardous area: Zone 0 - A place in which an explosive atmosphere is present continuously or for long periods. October 2022 Non-hazardous or ordinary locations. Classification of Hazardous Areas 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 T1 >450C T2 >300C 450C T3 >200C 300C T4 >135C 200C . PROCESS OF CONTAINER Each room, section, or area shall be considered individually in determining its classification. For gases, vapours and mists the zone classifications are recognised as Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2 areas. December 2013, All - Zone 0: An area where an explosive gas-air mixture is continuously present or present for long time (continuous hazard, whose estimated duration is higher than 1000 hours/year) - Zone 1: An area where an explosive gas-air mixture is likely to occur during normal . Sources of When equipment must be placed in a hazardous location, it can be designed to reduce the risk of fire or explosion. November 2021 Note to paragraph (c)(3) of this section: The National Electrical Code, NFPA 70, contains guidelines for determining the type and design of equipment and installations that will meet this requirement. ignitable concentrations of dust, fibers, or flyings are present for long periods of time, ignitable concentrations of dust, fibers, or flyings are likely to exist under normal conditions, ignitable concentrations of dust, fibers, or flyings unlikely to exist under normal conditions, Metal dusts, such as magnesium (Division 1 only), Carbonaceous dusts, such as carbon & charcoal, Non-conductive dusts, such as flour, grain, wood & plastic, Ignitible fibers/flyings, such as cotton lint, flax & rayon, Ignitible fibers or flyings, such as cotton lint, flax & rayon. Hazardous areas are defined as: " Zones " under worldwide IEC standards (and their local versions, such as ATEX in Europe) " Divisions " under North American NEC standards. Both external and internal temperatures are taken into consideration. 14 4. Electrical equipment installation in atmosphere with flammable gases or vapors, flammable liquids, combustible dusts, ignitable fibers or flyings represents a risk for fire and explosion. Equipment construction is such that it can withstand an internal explosion and provide relief of the external pressure via flamegap(s) such as the labyrinth created by threaded fittings or machined flanges. Also known as non-hazardous or ordinary locations, these locations are determined to be neither Class I, Division 1 or Division 2; Zone 0, Zone 1 or Zone 2; or any combination thereof.